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| − | GNU Free Documentation License
| + | ''(GNU FDL has verbatim-only license and it can't be an article on Anarchopedia's MediaWiki. Until we make some static page with the text of GNU FDL, you can see text at http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl.html .)'' |
| − | Version 1.2, November 2002
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | Copyright (C) 2000,2001,2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
| + | |
| − | 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
| + | |
| − | Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
| + | |
| − | of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | 0. PREAMBLE
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other
| + | |
| − | functional and useful document "free" in the sense of freedom: to
| + | |
| − | assure everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it,
| + | |
| − | with or without modifying it, either commercially or noncommercially.
| + | |
| − | Secondarily, this License preserves for the author and publisher a way
| + | |
| − | to get credit for their work, while not being considered responsible
| + | |
| − | for modifications made by others.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | This License is a kind of "copyleft", which means that derivative
| + | |
| − | works of the document must themselves be free in the same sense. It
| + | |
| − | complements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft
| + | |
| − | license designed for free software.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for free
| + | |
| − | software, because free software needs free documentation: a free
| + | |
| − | program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms that the
| + | |
| − | software does. But this License is not limited to software manuals;
| + | |
| − | it can be used for any textual work, regardless of subject matter or | + | |
| − | whether it is published as a printed book. We recommend this License
| + | |
| − | principally for works whose purpose is instruction or reference.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | 1. APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | This License applies to any manual or other work, in any medium, that
| + | |
| − | contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it can be
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| − | distributed under the terms of this License. Such a notice grants a
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| − | world-wide, royalty-free license, unlimited in duration, to use that
| + | |
| − | work under the conditions stated herein. The "Document", below,
| + | |
| − | refers to any such manual or work. Any member of the public is a
| + | |
| − | licensee, and is addressed as "you". You accept the license if you
| + | |
| − | copy, modify or distribute the work in a way requiring permission
| + | |
| − | under copyright law.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | A "Modified Version" of the Document means any work containing the
| + | |
| − | Document or a portion of it, either copied verbatim, or with
| + | |
| − | modifications and/or translated into another language.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | A "Secondary Section" is a named appendix or a front-matter section of
| + | |
| − | the Document that deals exclusively with the relationship of the
| + | |
| − | publishers or authors of the Document to the Document's overall subject
| + | |
| − | (or to related matters) and contains nothing that could fall directly
| + | |
| − | within that overall subject. (Thus, if the Document is in part a
| + | |
| − | textbook of mathematics, a Secondary Section may not explain any
| + | |
| − | mathematics.) The relationship could be a matter of historical
| + | |
| − | connection with the subject or with related matters, or of legal,
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| − | commercial, philosophical, ethical or political position regarding
| + | |
| − | them.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | The "Invariant Sections" are certain Secondary Sections whose titles
| + | |
| − | are designated, as being those of Invariant Sections, in the notice
| + | |
| − | that says that the Document is released under this License. If a
| + | |
| − | section does not fit the above definition of Secondary then it is not
| + | |
| − | allowed to be designated as Invariant. The Document may contain zero
| + | |
| − | Invariant Sections. If the Document does not identify any Invariant
| + | |
| − | Sections then there are none.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | The "Cover Texts" are certain short passages of text that are listed,
| + | |
| − | as Front-Cover Texts or Back-Cover Texts, in the notice that says that
| + | |
| − | the Document is released under this License. A Front-Cover Text may
| + | |
| − | be at most 5 words, and a Back-Cover Text may be at most 25 words.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | A "Transparent" copy of the Document means a machine-readable copy,
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| − | represented in a format whose specification is available to the
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| − | general public, that is suitable for revising the document
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| − | straightforwardly with generic text editors or (for images composed of
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| − | pixels) generic paint programs or (for drawings) some widely available
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| − | drawing editor, and that is suitable for input to text formatters or
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| − | for automatic translation to a variety of formats suitable for input
| + | |
| − | to text formatters. A copy made in an otherwise Transparent file
| + | |
| − | format whose markup, or absence of markup, has been arranged to thwart
| + | |
| − | or discourage subsequent modification by readers is not Transparent.
| + | |
| − | An image format is not Transparent if used for any substantial amount
| + | |
| − | of text. A copy that is not "Transparent" is called "Opaque".
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies include plain
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| − | ASCII without markup, Texinfo input format, LaTeX input format, SGML
| + | |
| − | or XML using a publicly available DTD, and standard-conforming simple
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| − | HTML, PostScript or PDF designed for human modification. Examples of
| + | |
| − | transparent image formats include PNG, XCF and JPG. Opaque formats
| + | |
| − | include proprietary formats that can be read and edited only by
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| − | proprietary word processors, SGML or XML for which the DTD and/or
| + | |
| − | processing tools are not generally available, and the
| + | |
| − | machine-generated HTML, PostScript or PDF produced by some word
| + | |
| − | processors for output purposes only.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | The "Title Page" means, for a printed book, the title page itself,
| + | |
| − | plus such following pages as are needed to hold, legibly, the material
| + | |
| − | this License requires to appear in the title page. For works in
| + | |
| − | formats which do not have any title page as such, "Title Page" means
| + | |
| − | the text near the most prominent appearance of the work's title,
| + | |
| − | preceding the beginning of the body of the text.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | A section "Entitled XYZ" means a named subunit of the Document whose
| + | |
| − | title either is precisely XYZ or contains XYZ in parentheses following
| + | |
| − | text that translates XYZ in another language. (Here XYZ stands for a
| + | |
| − | specific section name mentioned below, such as "Acknowledgements",
| + | |
| − | "Dedications", "Endorsements", or "History".) To "Preserve the Title"
| + | |
| − | of such a section when you modify the Document means that it remains a
| + | |
| − | section "Entitled XYZ" according to this definition.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | The Document may include Warranty Disclaimers next to the notice which
| + | |
| − | states that this License applies to the Document. These Warranty
| + | |
| − | Disclaimers are considered to be included by reference in this
| + | |
| − | License, but only as regards disclaiming warranties: any other
| + | |
| − | implication that these Warranty Disclaimers may have is void and has
| + | |
| − | no effect on the meaning of this License.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | 2. VERBATIM COPYING
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium, either
| + | |
| − | commercially or noncommercially, provided that this License, the
| + | |
| − | copyright notices, and the license notice saying this License applies
| + | |
| − | to the Document are reproduced in all copies, and that you add no other
| + | |
| − | conditions whatsoever to those of this License. You may not use
| + | |
| − | technical measures to obstruct or control the reading or further
| + | |
| − | copying of the copies you make or distribute. However, you may accept
| + | |
| − | compensation in exchange for copies. If you distribute a large enough
| + | |
| − | number of copies you must also follow the conditions in section 3.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated above, and
| + | |
| − | you may publicly display copies.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | 3. COPYING IN QUANTITY
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | If you publish printed copies (or copies in media that commonly have
| + | |
| − | printed covers) of the Document, numbering more than 100, and the
| + | |
| − | Document's license notice requires Cover Texts, you must enclose the
| + | |
| − | copies in covers that carry, clearly and legibly, all these Cover
| + | |
| − | Texts: Front-Cover Texts on the front cover, and Back-Cover Texts on
| + | |
| − | the back cover. Both covers must also clearly and legibly identify
| + | |
| − | you as the publisher of these copies. The front cover must present
| + | |
| − | the full title with all words of the title equally prominent and
| + | |
| − | visible. You may add other material on the covers in addition.
| + | |
| − | Copying with changes limited to the covers, as long as they preserve
| + | |
| − | the title of the Document and satisfy these conditions, can be treated
| + | |
| − | as verbatim copying in other respects.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit
| + | |
| − | legibly, you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit
| + | |
| − | reasonably) on the actual cover, and continue the rest onto adjacent
| + | |
| − | pages.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document numbering
| + | |
| − | more than 100, you must either include a machine-readable Transparent
| + | |
| − | copy along with each Opaque copy, or state in or with each Opaque copy
| + | |
| − | a computer-network location from which the general network-using
| + | |
| − | public has access to download using public-standard network protocols
| + | |
| − | a complete Transparent copy of the Document, free of added material.
| + | |
| − | If you use the latter option, you must take reasonably prudent steps,
| + | |
| − | when you begin distribution of Opaque copies in quantity, to ensure
| + | |
| − | that this Transparent copy will remain thus accessible at the stated
| + | |
| − | location until at least one year after the last time you distribute an
| + | |
| − | Opaque copy (directly or through your agents or retailers) of that
| + | |
| − | edition to the public.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of the
| + | |
| − | Document well before redistributing any large number of copies, to give
| + | |
| − | them a chance to provide you with an updated version of the Document.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | 4. MODIFICATIONS
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document under
| + | |
| − | the conditions of sections 2 and 3 above, provided that you release
| + | |
| − | the Modified Version under precisely this License, with the Modified
| + | |
| − | Version filling the role of the Document, thus licensing distribution
| + | |
| − | and modification of the Modified Version to whoever possesses a copy
| + | |
| − | of it. In addition, you must do these things in the Modified Version:
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | A. Use in the Title Page (and on the covers, if any) a title distinct
| + | |
| − | from that of the Document, and from those of previous versions
| + | |
| − | (which should, if there were any, be listed in the History section
| + | |
| − | of the Document). You may use the same title as a previous version
| + | |
| − | if the original publisher of that version gives permission.
| + | |
| − | B. List on the Title Page, as authors, one or more persons or entities
| + | |
| − | responsible for authorship of the modifications in the Modified
| + | |
| − | Version, together with at least five of the principal authors of the
| + | |
| − | Document (all of its principal authors, if it has fewer than five),
| + | |
| − | unless they release you from this requirement.
| + | |
| − | C. State on the Title page the name of the publisher of the
| + | |
| − | Modified Version, as the publisher.
| + | |
| − | D. Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document.
| + | |
| − | E. Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modifications
| + | |
| − | adjacent to the other copyright notices.
| + | |
| − | F. Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a license notice
| + | |
| − | giving the public permission to use the Modified Version under the
| + | |
| − | terms of this License, in the form shown in the Addendum below.
| + | |
| − | G. Preserve in that license notice the full lists of Invariant Sections
| + | |
| − | and required Cover Texts given in the Document's license notice.
| + | |
| − | H. Include an unaltered copy of this License.
| + | |
| − | I. Preserve the section Entitled "History", Preserve its Title, and add
| + | |
| − | to it an item stating at least the title, year, new authors, and
| + | |
| − | publisher of the Modified Version as given on the Title Page. If
| + | |
| − | there is no section Entitled "History" in the Document, create one
| + | |
| − | stating the title, year, authors, and publisher of the Document as
| + | |
| − | given on its Title Page, then add an item describing the Modified
| + | |
| − | Version as stated in the previous sentence.
| + | |
| − | J. Preserve the network location, if any, given in the Document for
| + | |
| − | public access to a Transparent copy of the Document, and likewise
| + | |
| − | the network locations given in the Document for previous versions
| + | |
| − | it was based on. These may be placed in the "History" section.
| + | |
| − | You may omit a network location for a work that was published at
| + | |
| − | least four years before the Document itself, or if the original
| + | |
| − | publisher of the version it refers to gives permission.
| + | |
| − | K. For any section Entitled "Acknowledgements" or "Dedications",
| + | |
| − | Preserve the Title of the section, and preserve in the section all
| + | |
| − | the substance and tone of each of the contributor acknowledgements
| + | |
| − | and/or dedications given therein.
| + | |
| − | L. Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the Document,
| + | |
| − | unaltered in their text and in their titles. Section numbers
| + | |
| − | or the equivalent are not considered part of the section titles.
| + | |
| − | M. Delete any section Entitled "Endorsements". Such a section
| + | |
| − | may not be included in the Modified Version.
| + | |
| − | N. Do not retitle any existing section to be Entitled "Endorsements"
| + | |
| − | or to conflict in title with any Invariant Section.
| + | |
| − | O. Preserve any Warranty Disclaimers.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or
| + | |
| − | appendices that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no material
| + | |
| − | copied from the Document, you may at your option designate some or all
| + | |
| − | of these sections as invariant. To do this, add their titles to the
| + | |
| − | list of Invariant Sections in the Modified Version's license notice.
| + | |
| − | These titles must be distinct from any other section titles.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | You may add a section Entitled "Endorsements", provided it contains
| + | |
| − | nothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various
| + | |
| − | parties--for example, statements of peer review or that the text has
| + | |
| − | been approved by an organization as the authoritative definition of a
| + | |
| − | standard.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text, and a
| + | |
| − | passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end of the list
| + | |
| − | of Cover Texts in the Modified Version. Only one passage of
| + | |
| − | Front-Cover Text and one of Back-Cover Text may be added by (or
| + | |
| − | through arrangements made by) any one entity. If the Document already
| + | |
| − | includes a cover text for the same cover, previously added by you or
| + | |
| − | by arrangement made by the same entity you are acting on behalf of,
| + | |
| − | you may not add another; but you may replace the old one, on explicit
| + | |
| − | permission from the previous publisher that added the old one.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this License
| + | |
| − | give permission to use their names for publicity for or to assert or
| + | |
| − | imply endorsement of any Modified Version.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | 5. COMBINING DOCUMENTS
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | You may combine the Document with other documents released under this
| + | |
| − | License, under the terms defined in section 4 above for modified
| + | |
| − | versions, provided that you include in the combination all of the
| + | |
| − | Invariant Sections of all of the original documents, unmodified, and
| + | |
| − | list them all as Invariant Sections of your combined work in its
| + | |
| − | license notice, and that you preserve all their Warranty Disclaimers.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and
| + | |
| − | multiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single
| + | |
| − | copy. If there are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name but
| + | |
| − | different contents, make the title of each such section unique by
| + | |
| − | adding at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of the original
| + | |
| − | author or publisher of that section if known, or else a unique number.
| + | |
| − | Make the same adjustment to the section titles in the list of
| + | |
| − | Invariant Sections in the license notice of the combined work.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | In the combination, you must combine any sections Entitled "History"
| + | |
| − | in the various original documents, forming one section Entitled
| + | |
| − | "History"; likewise combine any sections Entitled "Acknowledgements",
| + | |
| − | and any sections Entitled "Dedications". You must delete all sections
| + | |
| − | Entitled "Endorsements".
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | 6. COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other documents
| + | |
| − | released under this License, and replace the individual copies of this
| + | |
| − | License in the various documents with a single copy that is included in
| + | |
| − | the collection, provided that you follow the rules of this License for
| + | |
| − | verbatim copying of each of the documents in all other respects.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | You may extract a single document from such a collection, and distribute
| + | |
| − | it individually under this License, provided you insert a copy of this
| + | |
| − | License into the extracted document, and follow this License in all
| + | |
| − | other respects regarding verbatim copying of that document.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | 7. AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other separate
| + | |
| − | and independent documents or works, in or on a volume of a storage or
| + | |
| − | distribution medium, is called an "aggregate" if the copyright
| + | |
| − | resulting from the compilation is not used to limit the legal rights
| + | |
| − | of the compilation's users beyond what the individual works permit.
| + | |
| − | When the Document is included in an aggregate, this License does not
| + | |
| − | apply to the other works in the aggregate which are not themselves
| + | |
| − | derivative works of the Document.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these
| + | |
| − | copies of the Document, then if the Document is less than one half of
| + | |
| − | the entire aggregate, the Document's Cover Texts may be placed on
| + | |
| − | covers that bracket the Document within the aggregate, or the
| + | |
| − | electronic equivalent of covers if the Document is in electronic form.
| + | |
| − | Otherwise they must appear on printed covers that bracket the whole
| + | |
| − | aggregate.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | 8. TRANSLATION
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may
| + | |
| − | distribute translations of the Document under the terms of section 4.
| + | |
| − | Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special
| + | |
| − | permission from their copyright holders, but you may include
| + | |
| − | translations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the
| + | |
| − | original versions of these Invariant Sections. You may include a
| + | |
| − | translation of this License, and all the license notices in the
| + | |
| − | Document, and any Warranty Disclaimers, provided that you also include
| + | |
| − | the original English version of this License and the original versions
| + | |
| − | of those notices and disclaimers. In case of a disagreement between
| + | |
| − | the translation and the original version of this License or a notice
| + | |
| − | or disclaimer, the original version will prevail.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | If a section in the Document is Entitled "Acknowledgements",
| + | |
| − | "Dedications", or "History", the requirement (section 4) to Preserve
| + | |
| − | its Title (section 1) will typically require changing the actual
| + | |
| − | title.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | 9. TERMINATION
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document except
| + | |
| − | as expressly provided for under this License. Any other attempt to
| + | |
| − | copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Document is void, and will
| + | |
| − | automatically terminate your rights under this License. However,
| + | |
| − | parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under this
| + | |
| − | License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such
| + | |
| − | parties remain in full compliance.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | 10. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions
| + | |
| − | of the GNU Free Documentation License from time to time. Such new
| + | |
| − | versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may
| + | |
| − | differ in detail to address new problems or concerns. See
| + | |
| − | http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/. | + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version number.
| + | |
| − | If the Document specifies that a particular numbered version of this
| + | |
| − | License "or any later version" applies to it, you have the option of
| + | |
| − | following the terms and conditions either of that specified version or
| + | |
| − | of any later version that has been published (not as a draft) by the
| + | |
| − | Free Software Foundation. If the Document does not specify a version
| + | |
| − | number of this License, you may choose any version ever published (not
| + | |
| − | as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of
| + | |
| − | the License in the document and put the following copyright and
| + | |
| − | license notices just after the title page:
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | Copyright (c) YEAR YOUR NAME.
| + | |
| − | Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
| + | |
| − | under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2
| + | |
| − | or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
| + | |
| − | with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.
| + | |
| − | A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU
| + | |
| − | Free Documentation License".
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | If you have Invariant Sections, Front-Cover Texts and Back-Cover Texts,
| + | |
| − | replace the "with...Texts." line with this:
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | with the Invariant Sections being LIST THEIR TITLES, with the
| + | |
| − | Front-Cover Texts being LIST, and with the Back-Cover Texts being LIST.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | If you have Invariant Sections without Cover Texts, or some other
| + | |
| − | combination of the three, merge those two alternatives to suit the
| + | |
| − | situation.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we
| + | |
| − | recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of
| + | |
| − | free software license, such as the GNU General Public License,
| + | |
| − | to permit their use in free software.
| + | |
