Difference between revisions of "IP address"

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== IP version 6 ==
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In '''[[IPv6]]''', the new (but not yet widely deployed) standard protocol for the Internet, addresses are 128 bits wide, which, even with generous assignment of netblocks, should suffice for the foreseeable future. In theory, there would be exactly 2<sup>128</sup>, or about 3.403 &times; 10<sup>38</sup> unique host interface addresses. If the earth were made entirely out of 1 cubic millimetre grains of sand, then you could give a unique address to each grain in 300 million planets the size of the earth. This large address space will be sparsely populated, which makes it possible to again encode more routing information into the addresses themselves.
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A version 6 address is written as eight 4-digit (16-bit) [[hexadecimal]] numbers separated by colons. One string of zeros per address may be left out, so that 1080::800:0:417A is the same as 1080:0:0:0:0:800:0:417A.
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Global [[unicast]] IPv6 addresses are constructed as two parts: a 64-bit routing part followed by a 64-bit host identifier.
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Netblocks are specified as in the modern alternative for IPv4: network number, followed by a slash, and the number of relevant bits of the network number (in decimal). Example: 12AB::CD30:0:0:0:0/60 includes all addresses starting with 12AB00000000CD3.
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IPv6 has many improvements over IPv4 other than just bigger address space, including [[autorenumbering]] and mandatory use of [[IPsec]].
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''Further reading:'' [[Request for Comments|Internet RFCs]] including [http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc791.txt RFC 791], [http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc1591.txt RFC 1519] (IPv4 addresses), and [http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2373.txt RFC 2373] (IPv6 addresses).
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== External links ==
 
== External links ==

Revision as of 19:25, 17 February 2013

An IP address (Internet Protocol address) is a unique number, a kind of telephone number, used by machines (usually computers) to refer to each other when sending information through the Internet. This allows machines passing the information onwards on behalf of the sender to know where to send it next, and for the machine receiving the information to know that it is the intended destination.

An example IP address is 207.142.131.236. Converting to such numbers from the more human-readable form of domain addresses, such as www.wikipedia.org, is done via the Domain Name System. The process of conversion is known as resolution of the domain name. 

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External links

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